Emva kweminyaka emininzi kangaka yokwenza oomatshini, ngokuqinisekileyo awuyazi intsingiselo yophawu lokujija, akunjalo?
Umgangatho wokusebenza kweebholiti zokudityaniswa kwesakhiwo sensimbi uhlukaniswe ngamabakala angaphezu kwama-10, kuquka 3.6,4.6,4.8,5.6,6.8,8.8,9.8,10.9,12.9.Iibholiti zeklasi ye-8.8 nangaphezulu zenziwe ngentsimbi ephantsi ye-carbon alloy okanye i-medium carbon steel kunye nonyango lokushisa (ukucima, ukufudumala), ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa yi-bolts yamandla aphezulu, kwaye ezinye zibizwa ngokuba ziibholiti eziqhelekileyo.Amanqaku omgangatho wokusebenza webholithi aneenxalenye ezimbini zamanani, ngokulandelelanayo emele ixabiso lamandla e-tensile kunye nomlinganiselo wamandla ojiko lwesixhobo sebholiti. umzekelo:
Iibholiti zebanga le-4.6, okuthetha ukuthi:
Amandla okuqina okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo se-bolt afikelela kwinqanaba le-400MPa;
Umlinganiselo wamandla we-flexion we-bolt material ngu-0.6;
Amandla okuvunwa okubizwa ngokuba yi-bolt material afikelela kwi-400×0.6=240MPa level.
Ibanga lokusebenza 10.9 iibholiti zamandla aphezulu, ezinokuthi zifikeleleke emva konyango lobushushu:
Amandla okuqina okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo se-bolt afikelela kwinqanaba le-1000MPa;
Umlinganiselo wamandla we-flexion we-bolt material ngu-0.9;
Amandla esivuno esincinci sesixhobo sebholithi sifikelela kwi-1000×0.9=900MPa kwinqanaba.
Intsingiselo yomgangatho wokusebenza kwebholithi ngumgangatho jikelele wamazwe ngamazwe, umgangatho ofanayo wokusebenza webholithi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba umehluko kwizinto zayo kunye nemvelaphi, ukusebenza kwayo kuyafana, uyilo lunokukhetha kuphela inqanaba lokusebenza.
Amanqanaba okuqina 8.8 kunye ne-10.9 yinqanaba loxinzelelo lwe-bolt shear ye-8.8GPa kunye ne-10.9GPa
8.8 Amandla okuqina okuqhelekileyo 800 N/MM2 Amandla emveliso yesiqhelo 640 N/MM2
Iibholithi ngokubanzi zisetyenziswa kunye ne ” X. Y ” ibonisa amandla, X * 100= ukomelela kwale bholithi, X * 100 * (Y / 10) = amandla emveliso ale bholithi (njengoko kubhaliwe: amandla esivuno / amandla okuqina =Y / 10)
Kwiklasi ye-4.8, amandla e-tensile ye-bolt yi-400MPa;amandla esivuno ngama 400 * 8 / 10=320MPa.
Kwakhona: iibholiti zensimbi ezingenasici zidla ngokubhalwa njenge-A4-70, ukubonakala kwe-A2-70, intsingiselo ichazwa ngenye indlela.
umlinganiselo
Ubude ehlabathini ubukhulu becala buneeyunithi ezimbini zomlinganiselo, enye yinkqubo yemetric, iyunithi yomlinganiselo weemitha (m), cm (m) (cm), mm (mm), njl., kurhulumente, eTshayina naseJapan kwaye enye kumzantsi-mpuma Asia isetyenziswa ngaphezulu, enye yi British, iyunithi yokulinganisa ubukhulu becala intshi (intshi), ilingana nesikhundla isixeko endala, eUnited States, eUnited States kunye namanye amazwe aseYurophu kunye American kusetyenziswa ngaphezulu.
Umlinganiselo wemitha: (10 mex) 1m =100 cm=1000 mm
Umlinganiselo waseBritani: (8 r) 1 intshi =8 yeemayile 1 intshi =25.4 mm 3 / 8??×25.4 =9.52
1/4??Ezi mveliso zilandelayo zinenombolo ukubonisa amagama amagama abo, ezifana: 4 #, 5 #, 6 #, 7 #, 8 #, 10 #, 12 #
intambo yesijija
Umsonto yimilo eneconvex efanayo ejikelezayo kwicandelo lomphandle okanye ngaphakathi kwendawo eqinileyo.Ngokweempawu zayo zesakhiwo kunye nokusetyenziswa, inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amathathu:
Umsonto oqhelekileyo: imilo yezinyo istriangleShape, esetyenziselwa ukudibanisa okanye ukuqinisa amalungu.Umsonto oqhelekileyo wahlulwe ube ziindidi ezimbini zamazinyo arhabaxa kunye nentambo yamazinyo ecolekileyo ngokwepitshi, kwaye amandla onxibelelwano lomsonto wamazinyo aphezulu.
Intambo yokuhambisa: imilo yezinyo ine-trapezoidal, uxande, isarha kunye nonxantathu, njl.
Intambo yokutywina: isetyenziselwa ukutywina ukudibanisa, ngokukodwa intambo yombhobho, intambo ye-cone kunye ne-cone tube thread.
Ukuhlelwa ngokwemilo
Ifakwe kwibakala
I-Tread fit isayizi ye-loose okanye i-tight phakathi kwe-screw threads, kwaye inqanaba lokulinganisa ludibaniso olumiselweyo lokutenxa kunye nokunyamezela kwimicu yangaphakathi nangaphandle.
1. Kumsonto omanyeneyo waseBritani, kukho amabanga amathathu omsonto wangaphandle: 1A, 2A kunye no-3A, kwaye kukho amabanga amathathu: 1B, 2B kunye no-3B, zonke zihambelana ne-gap.Okukhona liphezulu inani lenqanaba, kokukhona ulungelelwaniso luqina.Kwimisonto yaseBritani, ukutenxa kucacisa kuphela amabakala 1A no-2A, amabakala 3A ngu-zero, kwaye amabakala 1A kunye no-2A ayalingana.Ukuba likhulu inani lamabanga, lincinci ukunyamezela.
I-Class 1A kunye ne-1B, imilinganiselo yokunyamezela ekhululekile kakhulu, ilungele ukunyamezela ukunyamezela imicu yangaphakathi nangaphandle.
I-Class 2A kunye ne-2B zezona klasi zixhaphakileyo zokunyamezela intambo ezichazwe kwi-British series of fasteners mechanical.
Iklasi ye-3A kunye ne-3B, eyenza i-tightfit ye-tight tolerance fasteners kuyilo olubalulekileyo lokhuseleko.
Kwimicu yangaphandle, i-1A kunye ne-2A inokunyamezelana kunye ne-3A ayinayo.1A ukunyamezela yi-50% enkulu kunokunyamezela kwe-2A kunye ne-75% enkulu kune-3A yokunyamezela.Kwintambo yangaphakathi, ukunyamezela kwe-2B yi-30% enkulu kunokunyamezela kwe-2A.Iklasi 1B yi-50% enkulu kuneKlasi 2B kunye ne-75% enkulu kuneKlasi 3B.
2. Intambo ye-Metric, intambo yangaphandle inamanqanaba amathathu entambo: 4h, 6h kunye ne-6g, intambo yangaphakathi inamanqanaba amathathu entambo: 5H, 6 H, 7H. kwimeko yenqanaba le-II) kwintambo ye-metric, ukutenxa okusisiseko kwe-H kunye no-h ngu-zero.Ukutenxa okusisiseko kuka-G ku-positive, kwaye lo ka-e, u-f, kunye no-g ngu-negative.
H yeyona ndawo iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwibhendi yonyamezelo kumsonto wangaphakathi, engasetyenziswanga njengendawo yokugquma umphezulu, okanye umaleko obhityileyo wephosphating.Ukutenxa okusisiseko kwe-G kusetyenziselwa iziganeko ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nokwaleka okushinyeneyo, kunqabile ukusetyenziswa.
I-coating ebhityileyo ye-g iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwi-plating ye-6-9um.Njengomzobo wemveliso ufuna i-6h bolt, intambo ye-screw ithatha i-6g yokunyamezela ibhendi phambi kokugquma.
Umsonto ulungelelaniswa kakuhle ube yi-H / g, H / h okanye i-G / h.Kwimicu yeefasteners ezisulungekileyo ezifana neebholiti kunye namantongomane, i-6H / 6g efanelekileyo iyacetyiswa.
3. Amanqaku anemisonto
Iiparamitha eziphambili zejometri zokuzihlasela kunye neentambo zokuzibhobhoza
1. Idayamitha enkulu / izinyo langaphandle (d1): i-hypothetical cylinder diameter yophahla lwentambo.Idayamitha enkulu yomsonto imele ubukhulu becala ubukhulu bomsonto.
2. Umkhondo / idayamitha esezantsi (d2): i-hypothetical cylinder idayamitha enesiseko esinemisonto edibanayo.
3. Umgama wamazinyo (p): umgama we-axial wamazinyo akufutshane ohambelana namanqaku amabini kumgca we-meridian.Kwinani lamazinyo kwi-intshi nganye (25.4mm).
Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo (metric) (IsiNgesi)
(1) Amazinyo okuzikhusela:
Iinkcukacha: ST 1.5, S T1.9, S T2.2, S T2.6, S T2.9, kunye ne-ST3.3, S T3.5, S T3.9, S T4.2, S T4.8, S T5.5,ST6.3,S T8.0,S T9.5
Umgama wamazinyo: 0.5,0.6,0.8,0.9,1.1,1.3,1.3,1.3,1.4,1.6,1.8,1.8,2.1,2.1
(2) Inkqubo yaseBritani yamazinyo okuzikhusela:
Inkcazo: 4 #, 5 #, 6 #, 7 #, 8 #, 10 #, 12 #, 14 #
Inani lamazinyo: AB amazinyo 24,20,20,19,18,16,14,14
Amazinyo 24,20,18,16,15,12,11,10
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-19-2022